Differential methylation tests of regulatory regions

Ryu Duchwan, Xu Hongyan (), George Varghese, Su Shaoyong, Wang Xiaoling, Shi Huidong and Podolsky Robert H.
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Ryu Duchwan: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA Division of Statistics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
Xu Hongyan: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
George Varghese: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
Su Shaoyong: Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
Wang Xiaoling: Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
Shi Huidong: AU Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
Podolsky Robert H.: Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA

Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology, 2016, vol. 15, issue 3, 237-251

Abstract: Differential methylation of regulatory elements is critical in epigenetic researches and can be statistically tested. We developed a new statistical test, the generalized integrated functional test (GIFT), that tests for regional differences in methylation based on the methylation percent at each CpG site within a genomic region. The GIFT uses estimated subject-specific profiles with smoothing methods, specifically wavelet smoothing, and calculates an ANOVA-like test to compare the average profile of groups. In this way, possibly correlated CpG sites within the regulatory region are compared all together. Simulations and analyses of data obtained from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia indicate that GIFT has good statistical properties and is able to identify promising genomic regions. Further, GIFT is likely to work with multiple different types of experiments since different smoothing methods can be used to estimate the profiles of data without noise. Matlab code for GIFT and sample data are available at http://www.augusta.edu/mcg/biostatepi/people/software/gift.html.

Keywords: Bisulfite sequencing; differentially methylated regions; smoothing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1515/sagmb-2015-0037

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