Mind the Gap! Linking Equality‐Based Respect Norms with General and Specific Tolerance

Dominika Gurbisz, Anna Potoczek, Marcin Bukowski, Lucía Estevan-Reina and Oliver Christ
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Dominika Gurbisz: Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Poland / Doctoral School in the Social Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Poland
Anna Potoczek: Interdisciplinary Centre for Mathematical and Computational Modelling, University of Warsaw, Poland
Marcin Bukowski: Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Poland
Lucía Estevan-Reina: Department of Social Psychology, University of Granada, Spain
Oliver Christ: Faculty of Psychology, FernUniversität in Hagen

Social Inclusion, 2025, vol. 13

Abstract: This research investigates the extent of Poles’ tolerance of Jews through the lens of equality‐based respect norms and how these norms translate into general and specific tolerance. Additionally, we reexamine the principle‐implementation gap, specifically highlighting the potential discrepancy between declared tolerance and actual behavioral intentions. Through our analysis, we explore the distinction between measuring tolerance as an abstract principle and its application in concrete, real‐world situations. In three correlational studies ( ? = 818), we examined the relationship between perceived equality‐based respect social norms and the declared endorsement of tolerant principles. Studies 1 and 2 sought to establish initial evidence of this association, hypothesizing that individuals are more likely to express tolerance towards Jewish practices when perceiving stronger societal norms emphasizing respect. Results showed that perceived prescriptive equality‐based respect within both national and acquaintance ingroup norms was positively linked to tolerant attitudes. Additionally, the findings highlight the complexity of measuring tolerance, revealing a possible overestimation of tolerant attitudes when assessed at an abstract level, compared to when measured through concrete examples.

Keywords: equality‐based respect; Jews; polarization; social norms; tolerance (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:cog:socinc:v13:y:2025:a:10143

DOI: 10.17645/si.10143

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