Correlation, Causation, and Smoking Initiation among Youths

Marvin E. Goldberg

Journal of Advertising Research, 2003, vol. 43, issue 4, 431-440

Abstract: Expanded consideration of a variety of concepts and methods, from associative learning to econometrics, lends further support to the accumulated consensus that tobacco advertising plays a role, with other factors, in inducing young people to smoke. A point by point rebuttal of issues raised by both Reitter (JAR 43, 1 [2003]: 12–13) and Taylor and Bonner (this issue) makes the case that tobacco advertising is not an exception to the rule: advertising works and it works in part by building primary demand. On a broader, more paradigmatic note, the role of correlation and causation are discussed within a convergence or triangulation framework.

Date: 2003
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