Duverger's Hypothesis, the Run-Off Rule, and Electoral Competition

Steven Callander

Political Analysis, 2005, vol. 13, issue 3, 209-232

Abstract: I analyze a model of electoral competition with entry under the run-off rule. I consider both two- and multiple-party systems. The principal result is that two-party systems may prove stable under the run-off rule: I show that a continuum of equilibria exists in which only two parties enter and subsequent entry is deterred. This finding conflicts with the accepted wisdom on the run-off rule encapsulated by Duverger's Hypothesis. The results of the model are then reconciled with Duverger's Hypothesis and a more precise formulation is proposed.

Date: 2005
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