Globotics and Development: When Manufacturing Is Jobless and Services Are Tradeable

Richard Baldwin and Rikard Forslid

World Trade Review, 2023, vol. 22, issue 3-4, 302-311

Abstract: Globalization and robotics (globotics) are jointly transforming the world economy at an explosive pace. While much of the literature has focused on rich nations, the changes are quite likely to affect developing nations in important ways. The premise of the paper – which should be regarded as a thought-piece – is based on an extreme thought experiment. What does development look like when digital technology has rendered manufacturing jobless and many services freely traded? Our conclusion is that the service-led development path may become the norm rather than the exception; think India, not China. Since success in the service sector is based on quite different factors than success in manufacturing, development strategies and mindsets may have to change. This is an optimistic conclusion since it suggests that developing nations can directly export the source of their comparative advantage – low-cost labour – without having first to make goods with that labour.

Date: 2023
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Related works:
Working Paper: Globotics and development: When manufacturing is jobless and services are tradable (2020)
Working Paper: Globotics and Development: When Manufacturing is Jobless and Services are Tradable (2020)
Working Paper: Globotics and development: When manufacturing is jobless and services are tradable (2019)
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