Analysis of global trends in reference frameworks associated with artificial intelligence

Lawrence Rodrigo Loaiza Solano, Luis Diego Moya Rojas and Sebastián Alejandro López Luna

SAP Social AI, 2025

Abstract: This article analyzed global trends in AI reference and regulatory frameworks in the EU, the United States, and China based on an integrative literature review (2020–2025). It identified convergences in values such as transparency, fairness, and accountability, but major divergences in implementation. The EU advanced a binding, risk-based model; the U.S. maintained voluntary guidelines that prioritize innovation; and China adopted a centralized approach centered on security and content control. Cases like Clearview AI and Apple Card illustrated risks of bias and data misuse, reinforcing the need for stronger governance. The study concluded that limited global harmonization hinders interoperability and called for minimum standards, multilateral oversight, and clearer guidance for generative AI.

Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:cwf:saiart:sai202551

DOI: 10.62486/sai202551

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