Using multiple cause of death information to eliminate garbage codes

Agnieszka Fihel and Magdalena Muszyńska-Spielauer
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Agnieszka Fihel: Uniwersytet Warszawski
Magdalena Muszyńska-Spielauer: Johannes Kepler Universität Linz

Demographic Research, 2021, vol. 45, issue 11, 345-360

Abstract: Background: International comparisons of mortality largely depend on the quality of data. With more than 20% of deaths annually assigned to ill-defined cardiovascular conditions, the mortality level due to well-defined causes of death is under-registered in Poland. Objective: We aim to reclassify cardiovascular garbage codes (GCs) into well-defined causes based on multiple causes of death (MCoD) data and to approximate mortality levels due to well-defined causes of death in Poland. We examine the usefulness of the MCoD approach for correcting low-quality data on causes of death. Methods: Based on the unique MCoD dataset for Poland, death counts due to cardiovascular GCs were reassigned to well-defined underlying causes in two steps: (1) manually for death records that included MCoD information constituting a logical chain of conditions leading to death and (2) with coarsened exact matching for the remaining death records. Age-specific and age-standardised death rates for large groups of causes were calculated before and after redistribution and compared to those of other Eastern European countries with relatively good data quality. Results: Of deaths originally assigned to cardiovascular GCs, 86,856 were reclassified, mostly to well-defined cardiovascular diseases, cancers, endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases, and respiratory diseases. The age-standardised death rate due to well-defined ischaemic heart diseases increased by 43%, and the rate due to cerebrovascular diseases by 22%. Cardiovascular mortality structure by large groups of causes became similar to the structure registered in other Eastern European countries characterised by a low prevalence of GCs. Conclusions: Coarsened exact matching performs relatively well when abundant MCoD information is available and enhances the comparability of cause-of-death data between countries. Contribution: Redistribution of GCs improves the quality of cause-of-death data and enhances their comparability between countries.

Keywords: cardiovascular diseases; cause of death; multiple causes of death; mortality; Poland; International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems; garbage codes (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: J1 Z0 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:dem:demres:v:45:y:2021:i:11

DOI: 10.4054/DemRes.2021.45.11

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