Exploring the relationship between military engagement and income inequality in the LAC region (1990-2022)

Adelaide Baronchelli (), Antonella Biscione () and Raul Caruso ()
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Adelaide Baronchelli: Department of Economics and Statistics “Cognetti de Martiis”, University of Turin
Antonella Biscione: CESPIC, Catholic University “Our Lady of Good Counsel”

Economics Bulletin, 2025, vol. 45, issue 2, 979 - 987

Abstract: In this paper, we investigate the relationship between military engagement, defined as a country's overall involvement in military activities, and income inequality using a panel of countries in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region from 1990 to 2022. We consider both short and a long-term effect of military engagement by using two distinct measures: the military burden, defined as the proportion of military spending to GDP, and the Global Militarization Index (GMI). We interpret the military burden as a short-term indicator and the GMI as a long-term measure. Our results reveal that: (i) the military burden is negatively correlated with income inequality, while (ii) the GMI is positively associated with it.

Keywords: income inequality; Gini index; military engagement; political regime; LAC region (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: D3 D6 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025-06-30
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