Extendable multirate real-time simulation of active distribution networks based on field programmable gate arrays

Zhiying Wang, Chengshan Wang, Peng Li, Xiaopeng Fu and Jianzhong Wu

Applied Energy, 2018, vol. 228, issue C, 2422-2436

Abstract: Real-time simulation of large-scale active distribution networks exhibiting a wide range of time-scales puts forward higher requirements for simulation accuracy and efficiency. This paper presents an extendable method and design for the real-time simulation of active distribution networks utilising high-performance hardware field programmable gate arrays. In the aspect of numerical algorithm, a high-accuracy and stable multirate simulation algorithm is proposed. The entire active distribution network is decoupled into different subsystems by their inherent time-scales and distinct time steps are used to solve the subsystems. Then root-matching method is adopted to form the exponential difference equations that represent the behaviours of the electric distribution network being modelled, which eliminates the truncation errors and thus provides a highly accurate time-domain solution. To handle the interface between the subsystems, a multirate interfacing method is proposed. The hardware design of the multirate interfaces is presented as well. With the multirate algorithm, a fully functional extendable real-time simulator based on field programmable gate arrays is designed and implemented. Two modified IEEE 33-node systems with photovoltaics and energy storage are simulated on the 4-field-programmable-gate-arrays-based real-time simulator. Simulation results are compared with the commercial simulation tool PSCAD/EMTDC to validate the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method and design.

Keywords: Real-time simulation; Field programmable gate arrays; Multirate simulation; Root-matching method; Active distribution network (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.07.099

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