Enhanced performance and lifetime of lithium-ion batteries by laser structuring of graphite anodes

Johannes Kriegler, Lucas Hille, Sandro Stock, Ludwig Kraft, Jan Hagemeister, Jan Bernd Habedank, Andreas Jossen and Michael F. Zaeh

Applied Energy, 2021, vol. 303, issue C, No S0306261921010539

Abstract: Improving the performance characteristics of lithium-ion batteries is a central research objective for the widespread introduction of electric vehicles. Laser-induced structures in graphite anodes have been reported to improve various performance characteristics of lithium-ion batteries. Nevertheless, electrode structuring has been studied mostly with single-layer coin cells on a laboratory scale to date. In addition to electrochemical tests on multi-layer NMC111/graphite pouch cells with a nominal capacity of ≈ 2.9 Ah, this paper presents the transfer of the technology from the laboratory to an industry-oriented battery production scale. A significant improvement of the discharge rate capability of lithium-ion batteries with laser-structured anodes was observed at temperatures of -10 °C, 0 °C, and 25 °C at discharge rates of up to 8C. Moreover, an enhanced fast-charging capability at charge rates as high as 6C was determined. In an aging study with 500 charge and discharge cycles, a significantly higher capacity retention of cells containing structured anodes was demonstrated. The effects of aging were investigated by incremental capacity analyses. Additionally, the results are supported by post-mortem analyses of the anode material using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The investigations revealed a distinctly reduced surface layer formation on structured anodes in comparison to their non-structured counterparts, which is attributed to a decrease in lithium-plating during cycling.

Keywords: Lithium-ion battery; Laser structuring; Battery production; Lithium plating; Fast charging; Cycle aging (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117693

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