Bottom-up system modeling of battery storage requirements for integrated renewable energy systems

Sarah Henni, Michael Schäffer, Peter Fischer, Christof Weinhardt and Philipp Staudt

Applied Energy, 2023, vol. 333, issue C, No S0306261922017883

Abstract: We introduce a bottom-up modeling framework that allows both the decentral and central planning of an integrated energy system with high shares of renewable generation. We take into account the distribution network structure as well as the changing local consumption due to high electrification rates of building heat supply and the transportation sector. This approach allows the analysis of pathways in between a cost-optimal system design and an equitable spatial distribution of renewable generation and battery storage capacities within the system. In addition, we investigate the optimal combination of short- and medium-term battery storage technologies, namely lithium-ion and redox flow batteries. Our results for the case of Baden-Wuerttemberg, a state in southern Germany, show that a central planning of renewable generation and storage capacity requirements results in lower levelized costs of electricity than a decentral design, as expected. However, pathways in between the two planning paradigms can lead to a more equitable inclusion of communities in the energy transition at reasonable cost increases, which might increase acceptance. The results of this study are of significance for policy-makers and local stakeholders, as they must address the conflicts that arise on a local level when expansion targets are planned centrally.

Keywords: Battery storage; Lithium-ion battery; Redox flow battery; Energy system modeling; Distribution grid; Public acceptance; Renewable generation; Decentral planning; Electrification; Energy transition; Energy equity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120531

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