Deploying EU biomethane potential for transports: Centralized/decentralized biogasrefinery schemes to SAF and maritime fuels

David Chiaramonti and Lorenzo Testa

Applied Energy, 2024, vol. 366, issue C, No S0306261924006895

Abstract: As Europe faces the dual challenge of decarbonizing its energy sector while ensuring energy security, REPowerEU reinforces the ambitious targets outlined in the Green Deal, complementing the “Fit for 55” package. This work analyses sustainable biomethane production in Europe, with a specific focus on Italy, and its conversion into sustainable fuels. Under the light of existing policy targets and regulatory instruments, the study explores innovative and sustainable agro-energy chains, with biomethane as energy vector for producing sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) and methanol for maritime. Decentralized biomass digestion and centralized biomethane conversion in refinery are combined, considering three key Gas-to-Liquid (GTL) pathways: Fischer-Tropsch and methanol synthesis, and gas fermentation/alcohol-to-jet. A simulation model was used to estimate the performances of these routes, providing insights on process yields and energy balances. Additionally, preliminary investment cost estimates are considered by reviewing existing references and extrapolating unit-specific cost data.

Keywords: Biogas; Biomass; Biofuels; Biomethane; Aviation; Maritime; Fischer-Tropsch; Methanol; Anaerobic digestion; Reforming; Syngas; ATJ; Fermentation; Ethanol; Process modelling; Renewable fuels; Sustainability; Energy policy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123306

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