A complex mixed-methods data-driven energy-centric evaluation of net-positive households

Apostolos Vavouris, Fernanda Guasselli, Lina Stankovic, Vladimir Stankovic, Kirsten Gram-Hanssen and Sébastien Didierjean

Applied Energy, 2024, vol. 367, issue C, No S0306261924007876

Abstract: Following the Paris agreement, different policy incentives aiming at the reduction of carbon emissions have been introduced worldwide. Dwellings that benefit from increased renewables penetration, aiming at achieving net-zero and even net-positive energy balance, are being designed and deployed in different countries. This article presents a design mixed-methods approach, based on collected quantitative and qualitative data, to answer the “what”, “why” and “how” of energy prosumption in net-positive dwellings. We demonstrate the strong influence of domestic routines and dynamic energy import and export pricing on explaining energy-centric deviation from net-positive design ambitions. Findings from net-positive neighbourhood households, equipped with geothermal heating, solar generation and electric vehicles, in Norway further provide actionable insights on demand-side reduction and flexibility in energy consumption and how to achieve true energy net-positive balance. Specifically, our analysis demonstrates a significant gap between actual energy bills and user expectations, and potential energy cost reduction up to 10% on a per-activity basis through demand side flexibility in relation to dynamic tariffs as well as a maximum observed bill reduction of up to 50% compared to the baseline scenario for households not adapting their activities inline with dynamic tariffs.

Keywords: Energy efficiency; Net-positive; Mixed-methods methodology; Demand flexibility (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123404

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