A tri-level control framework for carbon-aware multi-energy microgrid cluster considering shared hydrogen energy storage

Hammad Armghan, Yinliang Xu, Xiang Bai, Naghmash Ali, Xinyue Chang and Yixun Xue

Applied Energy, 2024, vol. 373, issue C, No S030626192401345X

Abstract: Modern power systems are progressively adopting power-to-gas-based energy storage systems as a standard approach to satisfy their energy requirements. These shared energy storage systems are poised to become a crucial component for future power networks. This paper proposes a novel multi-layer control for microgrid cluster connected to the shared hydrogen energy system. The proposed method involves tertiary, secondary, and primary control layers. A bi-layer optimization configuration method is proposed for tertiary and secondary energy management. The tertiary layer optimizes hydrogen trading among the microgrids and the grid, while the secondary layer ensures cost-effective and low-carbon operation for each microgrid. At the primary level, a modified super-twisting sliding mode controller based on fast-reaching law is used for real-time stability and efficient tracking control. To reduce computational efforts at the primary layer, an intelligent event-triggered framework is introduced. To validate the proposed model, a sophisticated simulation framework has been developed. Hardware-in-the-loop tests have also been conducted to confirm its real-world feasibility. The proposed framework demonstrates promising carbon-aware performance and real-time stability, with an average carbon intensity of 0.0403 kgCO2/kWh and a bus voltage tracking accuracy of 99.984 %.

Keywords: Event-triggered control; Low-carbon; Multi-microgrids; Shared energy storage; Super-twisting sliding mode control (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123962

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