Multi-energy balancing services provision from a hybrid power plant: PV, battery, and hydrogen technologies

Nikolina Čović, Ivan Pavić and Hrvoje Pandžić

Applied Energy, 2024, vol. 374, issue C, No S0306261924013497

Abstract: Hydrogen technologies have gained momentum in recent years in the context of achieving fully renewable energy systems. Apart from the ability of electrolyzers and fuel cells to consume and generate green energy, the latest research on their technical characteristics also promotes them as providers of balancing services in both power and gas (either hydrogen or natural gas) systems. The balancing services provision is a highly uncertain process and is not scheduled in advance, however, due to signed contracts and rules, the provision of these services to the TSO is not considered as a deviation from the agreed schedule. Contrary to battery storage, whose operation only affects the power system power flows, the operation of power-to-hydrogen and hydrogen-to-power units in one system (e.g. power system) has an impact on the other system (e.g. gas) as well. Because of that, the unscheduled balancing services provision to one TSO will cause an imbalance towards the TSO in the other system. This impact remains unexplored in the available literature.

Keywords: Battery storage; Photovoltaic plant; Hydrogen; Hydrogen storage; Electrolyzer; Fuel cell; Electricity balancing; Gas balancing; Hydrogen network (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123966

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