Dynamic performance enhancement in 2D and 3D curved flexible photovoltaic modules: Mismatch loss analysis and cell interconnection configurations optimization

Jingyong Cai, Jianxiao Fang, Mengyao Liang, Qunzhi Zhu, Zhengrong Shi, Qifen Li, Hongbo Ren, Lijie Xu and Tao Zhang

Applied Energy, 2024, vol. 374, issue C, No S0306261924014119

Abstract: The integration of photovoltaic (PV) technology into curved-surface buildings holds promise for energy-efficient eco-cities. However, the surface irradiance field of curved PV modules is uneven, and the distribution varies with the relative position to the sun and the surface shape. In this study, the dynamic irradiance field distributions of 2D and 3D curved PV modules are investigated. Based on this, 3 PV cell interconnection methods are proposed in conjunction with the irradiance balance principle. The electrical performance and power loss mechanisms are analyzed, and the dynamic adaptability, orientation adaptability, and geometric adaptability are evaluated. The results show diverse irradiance field patterns under different central angle conditions: uniform distribution in the north-south or east-west direction, while Gaussian distribution in other directions. Appropriate PV cell interconnection methods for 2D curved PV modules can effectively reduce mismatch losses, demonstrating significant enhancement in power output, up to 1721.21 Wh and 1604.10 Wh respectively. However, for 3D curved PV modules, the 3 interconnection methods fail to effectively adapt to the dynamic variation in irradiance, thus unable to fully exploit the power generation potential. In-depth investigation of mismatch losses in this study contributes to improving the reliability and economic viability of curved PV module, promoting its commercial application.

Keywords: Curved photovoltaic; Non-uniform irradiance; Performance evaluation; Cell interconnection; Mismatch losses (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.124028

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