Stochastic energy planning of a deltoid structure of interconnected multilateral grids by considering hydrogen station and demand response programs

Mohammad Shaterabadi, Shahab Ahmadi and Mehdi Ahmadi Jirdehi

Applied Energy, 2024, vol. 375, issue C, No S0306261924011206

Abstract: This paper presents triple-objective stochastic energy planning and management of a deltoid structure in which a microgrid, nano-grid, and main grid connect and exchange power simultaneously. In addition, the impact of hydrogen stations due to the growth of hydrogen vehicles and their crucial role in the power system's future to reduce pollution is also discussed. Moreover, the effect of time-based demand response programs (TOU) according to the elasticity matrix (different operators and price-sensitive flexible loads) for the proposed multilateral grid is investigated under diverse scenarios. Stochastic planning is performed to make results more realistic and authentic. The uncertain parameters for stochastic planning include wind pace, solar radiation, fuel rate, and various demands. The assumed triple objective functions for the proposed planning are the microgrid's profit, the nano-grid's cost, and the total multilateral grid's pollution. The problem is modeled as mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) and solved using the GAMS and LP metric approach. The final results show that by implementing the supposed planning, the microgrid's profit increases by about 22.53 $/day (10.8%), and the nano-grid's cost decreases by about 1.31 $/day (9.8%). On the other hand, the total environmental pollution is reduced significantly and reaches 1.06 kg/day.

Keywords: Demand response programs; Energy management; Hydrogen application; Multi-objective programming; Multilateral grid; Stochastic planning (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123737

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