Distribution characteristics and control optimization of anode and cathode water in fuel cells under low humidification

Ziteng Zeng, Zunyan Hu, Huize Liu, Yifu Zhang, Kang Ye, Jianqiu Li, Liangfei Xu, Minggao Ouyang and Kan Dong

Applied Energy, 2025, vol. 377, issue PD, No S0306261924021111

Abstract: Water management is a critical technology that significantly impacts the performance and lifespan of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). While previous studies have predominantly focused on cathode water management, insufficient attention has been given to anode water management, particularly the phenomenon of anode flooding. In this paper, we analyze the water distribution characteristics between the anode and cathode under low humidification conditions and varying loads. We established a one-dimensional mass transport model for anode flooding analysis, achieving a model prediction error of less than 2 % in drainage ratio tests. Finally, we analyzed water distribution under various extreme conditions and proposed optimized parameters for the membrane electrode assembly to mitigate anodic flooding.

Keywords: Fuel cell; Hydrogen; Water management; Anode flooding; Structural parameter optimization (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.124728

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