Generalized methodology for the optimization of biomass-green hydrogen-based e-fuel system

Ziyuan Cui, Yan Wu, Shengbin Chen, Siying Bian, Shuo Tang, Yufei Wang and Chunming Xu

Applied Energy, 2025, vol. 378, issue PA, No S0306261924022025

Abstract: As global climate change intensifies, the transportation sector is facing an urgent task of reducing carbon emissions, which requires significant development of e-fuel systems powered by renewable energy. In this work, four power-to-fuel technology pathways are proposed for e-fuel systems, including green ammonia, green methanol, bio-based methanol (Bio-methanol), and bio-based sustainable aviation fuel (Bio-SAF). A generalized methodology is proposed that enables the optimization of the capacity configuration and scheduling scheme of the whole e-fuel system. A real case study is applied to validate the effectiveness and superiority of the methodology, and a comprehensive sensitivity analysis is performed for several practical engineering parameters of the Bio-SAF optimal solution. The results demonstrate that (1) the economics of the four e-fuel systems are Bio-SAF > Bio-methanol > green ammonia > green methanol, but the introduction of biomass increases the minimum load of the production unit, and (2) the ratio of off-grid electricity impacts the system the most. This work is capable of providing theoretical guidance for both policy formulation and the construction and operation of real projects.

Keywords: Power-to-fuel (PtF); E-fuel; Bio-e-fuel; Renewable energy system; CO2 emission reduction (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.124819

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