A systematical review on preparation, microstructure, cyclic parameters, and anchoring NaPSs of cathodes containing electrocatalysts for room-temperature sodium‑sulfur batteries

Renlin Zhu, Run Huang, Xiaodong Lv, Shudong Zhang, Yibo Lin, Jiayue Xie, Xianze Long and Miao Li

Applied Energy, 2025, vol. 381, issue C, No S0306261924025467

Abstract: The cathodes for room-temperature sodium‑sulfur (RT NaS) batteries suffer from drawbacks such as poor conductivity of sulfur and sodium polysulfides (NaPSs), shuttle effect, high volume expansion, and challenging electrochemical kinetics. Despite the variety of cathodes containing electrocatalysts available for electrochemical performance improvement of RT NaS batteries, there is a dearth of comparative analysis on their preparation and cyclic parameters. Therefore, this review thoroughly evaluated the preparation, microstructure, cyclic parameters, and anchoring NaPSs of cathodes containing electrocatalysts for RT NaS batteries to inform future improvements. The preparation procedure of different cathodes containing electrocatalysts for RT NaS batteries was summarized systematically, and the most superior cathodes were identified. Additionally, the review analyzed the advantages and shortcomings of different procedures and clarified the electrochemical advantages of different electrocatalysts. Finally, the future development of the cathode design was outlined. We are hopeful that this investigation will offer current thorough information on the future paths of cathode designing for RT NaS batteries.

Keywords: RT NaS batteries; Cathodes; Preparation; Microstructure; Cyclic parameters; Anchoring NaPSs (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.125162

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