Accelerating charge-transfer kinetics in LiFePO4 cathode through a construction of multifunctional layer for advanced lithium-ion batteries

Xiaoxiao Pan, Qidong Liang, Bin Zhu, Rui He, Shengyu Jiang, Yan Ren, Mi Lu, Wenxian Zhang and Shuxin Zhuang

Applied Energy, 2025, vol. 382, issue C, No S0306261924026138

Abstract: LiFePO4 has emerged as the most favorable cathode material for lithium-ion batteries due to its high safety and long cycling life. However, the inherent sluggish charge transfer kinetics have greatly restricted its usefulness in low-temperature and high-rate operations. Herein, a uniform multifunctional layer enriched with N and F co-doped carbon was meticulously engineered on the LiFePO4 surface through an efficient solid-state calcination method. Theoretical and experimental analyses conclusively show that this layer effectively modifies electronic states and reduces Li-Fe antisite defects in LiFePO4. This enhancement significantly improves lithium affinity and Li+ transport efficiency, leading to superior electrochemical performance, especially at high rates and under low-temperature conditions. The treated LiFePO4 (LFP@NCF) demonstrated outstanding capacities of 169.51 mAh/g at 0.1C, maintaining capacity retention of 103.18 % after 300 cycles at −20 °C and 1C, and achieved a rate capacity of 125.49 mAh/g at 20C. This research explores the role of N and F dopants in carbon layers in improving charge transfer kinetics for LiFePO4 cathodes, providing insights for developing cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries in challenging environments.

Keywords: LiFePO4 cathode; N, F co-doped carbon; DFT calculation; Lithium-ion batteries (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.125229

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