 Oxides of nitrogen in the Earth's atmosphere: Trends, sources, sinks and environmental impactsO. Badr and S. D. Probert Applied Energy, 1993, vol. 46, issue 1, 67 pages Abstract: The oxides NO and NO2 of nitrogen (collectively known as NOx) play important roles in atmospheric chemistry. They are emitted to the atmosphere naturally, mainly as a result of microbial activities in soils and lightning discharges. However, predominantly, the emissions occur as a result of human activities (such as the combustion of fossil fuels, biomass burning and the use of fertilisers). Long-term trends of the concentration of NOx in the atmosphere are not documented adequately. Nevertheless, reconstructed emission inventories suggest that large increases have occurred throughout this century. Exposures to NOx compounds have direct adverse effects on humans, animals and plants. NOx also contribute to the global environmental problems facing our planet (i.e. excessive global warming, depletion of the ozone layer and acid deposition). In this study, up-to-date knowledge concerning (i) the atmospheric concentration, (ii) sources, (iii) sinks, and (iv) environmental impacts of NOx are reviewed. Date: 1993 Downloads: (external link) Related works: Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:appene:v:46:y:1993:i:1:p:1-67 Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from Access Statistics for this article Applied Energy is currently edited by J. Yan More articles in Applied Energy from Elsevier |
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