Online voltage security assessment considering comfort-constrained demand response control of distributed heat pump systems

D. Wang, S. Parkinson, W. Miao, H. Jia, C. Crawford and N. Djilali

Applied Energy, 2012, vol. 96, issue C, 104-114

Abstract: A resilient strategy for optimal demand response control based on the management of highly-distributed electric loads is presented to meet transmission-level control aimed at maintaining voltage stability. The proposed load control scheme balances device- and grid-level objectives simultaneously, and is demonstrated for a system comprising a distributed responsive population of 14,000 residential-sized buildings integrated in a transmission system network consisting of six buses. Air-source heat pumps are implemented as the primary heating source in the responsive building population, and are introduced as a dispatchable grid-side energy resource, where aggregated output can be objectively ramped up or down through the use of an optimal centralized control strategy. A two step multi-objective optimization procedure is implemented to simultaneously satisfy balancing of the power system and customer objectives across a multi-scalar system. At the power system-level, the optimal preventive control scheme is obtained based on steady-state voltage stability constraints. At the customer-level, an optimal demand response strategy is proposed, wherein the aggregate power demand from a population of heat pumps is controlled to follow load-shedding requirements. The customer comfort is continuously maintained by constrained regulation of the thermal set-point governing operation of the heat pump device.

Keywords: Power systems analysis; Distributed energy resources; Voltage stability; Demand-side management; Electric load modeling; Renewable energy integration (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2012
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (34)

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DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.12.005

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