Synthesis of biodiesel from acidified soybean soapstock using a lignin-derived carbonaceous catalyst

Feng Guo, Zhi-Long Xiu and Zhi-Xia Liang

Applied Energy, 2012, vol. 98, issue C, 47-52

Abstract: Biodiesel was produced from acidified soybean soapstocks by using lignin-derived carbonaceous catalyst (LCC). LCC was a solid acidic catalyst prepared by direct sulfonation of residual lignin from Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge hulls. The textural properties of the catalyst were characterized by 13C MAS NMR, X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, elemental analysis and BET surface area measurement. When 7wt.% of LCC was used in the esterification, the maximum free fatty acids (FFAs) conversion (above 97%) could be achieved at a molar ratio of methanol/oil of 1:9 and a reaction temperature of 70°C for 5h. A comparison of catalytic activity between sulfuric acid and LCC revealed that LCC performed 3.5 times higher activity than sulfuric acid with the equivalent active group (SO3H). Additionally, LCC could be reused at least three times with high FFAs conversion (>80%).

Keywords: Biodiesel; Lignin-derived carbonaceous catalyst; Soybean soapstock; Esterification (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2012
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (22)

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DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.02.071

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