Influence of nonlinearity and Doppler effect on group index in a four-level tripod atom system

Nguyen Huy Bang, Le Nguyen Mai Anh, Luong Thi Yen Nga, Nguyen Van Phu, Hoang Minh Dong, Nguyen Van Ai and Le Van Doai

Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, 2025, vol. 199, issue P1

Abstract: Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) materials are known for exhibiting giant nonlinearity even at extremely low light intensities, including the single-photon level. This strong nonlinearity significantly influences light propagation through such media. In this work, we develop a universal analytical model to investigate the combined effects of nonlinear dispersion and the Doppler effect on slow light propagation in a four-level tripod atom system. This configuration supports both single and double EIT regimes. Our model encompasses four distinct cases: (i) without third-order nonlinearity and without the Doppler effect, (ii) with third-order nonlinearity but without the Doppler effect, (iii) with the Doppler effect but without third-order nonlinearity, and (iv) with both third-order nonlinearity and the Doppler effect. This research is crucial for advancing practical applications and guiding experimental studies involving EIT-based slow light propagation.

Keywords: Electromagnetically induced transparency; Group velocity; Nonlinear effect; Doppler effect (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:chsofr:v:199:y:2025:i:p1:s0960077925007428

DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2025.116729

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