The role of behavior change and vaccination in threshold dynamics of an age-structured tuberculosis model

Junyan Liu, Hongyong Zhao, Weiping Lou and Shengyu Huang

Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, 2025, vol. 201, issue P3

Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) significantly endangers global public health, and human behavior and vaccination are pivotal in its transmission and control. Individuals tend to change their behavior after being infected. Hence we propose a novel age-structured TB infectious disease model, comprehensively considering factors such as vaccination and behavior change. Theoretically, we derive the basic reproduction number R0 via the renewal equation method, clarifying how vaccination and behavior change impact transmission. Furthermore, rigorous mathematical analysis establishes uniform persistence and analyze the existence and stability of equilibria, with R0 as the threshold. Numerically, we carry out parameter estimation and model fitting using real TB data from 2007 to 2023 in China. The fitted parameters confirm the globally asymptotically stable of the endemic equilibrium when R0>1. Subsequently, we conduct both global and local sensitivity analyses to identify the key parameters affecting R0, which show that both vaccination of susceptible individuals and behavior change among infectious individuals can both significantly inhibit TB transmission. This finding provides an important basis for formulating TB prevention and control strategies.

Keywords: Tuberculosis; Age-structured model; Behavior change; Vaccination (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:chsofr:v:201:y:2025:i:p3:s0960077925014109

DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117397

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