Stability analysis of a delayed predator–prey model with generalist predator and fear effect

Zhenghua Guo, Junli Liu, Bohan Li and Tailei Zhang

Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, 2026, vol. 202, issue P1

Abstract: In this paper, we investigate a predator–prey model incorporating both maturation delay and fear effects, and further analyze how the generalist predation behavior of the predator influences the dynamics of the system. We establish the well-posedness of the model, examine the existence and stability of the equilibria, derive the conditions for the occurrence of Hopf bifurcations, prove the uniform persistence of the system, and analyze the direction and stability of the Hopf bifurcation. Numerical simulations reveal the joint effects of several factors on the system dynamics, including prey maturation delay, the predator’s generalist predation behavior, juvenile prey natural mortality and fear effect. As the maturation delay increases, the system undergoes stability switches, leading to the emergence of periodic solutions. Moreover, perturbations in other parameters also influence population dynamics, underscoring the necessity of jointly considering multiple ecological mechanisms in population studies.

Keywords: Predator–prey model; Maturation delay; Generalist predator; Fear effect; Periodic solution (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:chsofr:v:202:y:2026:i:p1:s0960077925014614

DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117448

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