Modeling the emission trading scheme from an agent-based perspective: System dynamics emerging from firms’ coordination among abatement options

Song-min Yu, Ying Fan, Lei Zhu and Wolfgang Eichhammer

European Journal of Operational Research, 2020, vol. 286, issue 3, 1113-1128

Abstract: Though sharing a similar practice form, the emission trading scheme is distinguished from traditional financial markets: firms coordinate three abatement options at the micro level, including allowance trading, output adjustment, and low-carbon technology adoption. Then, at the macro level, this leads to dynamic interactions among allowance market, output market, and low-carbon technology diffusion. This is the fundamental characteristic of the emission trading scheme, and modeling the dynamics behind is a major difficulty for relevant studies, especially when following complexities are considered: (1) different planning horizons of the three abatement options, (2) heterogeneity among sectors and firms, and (3) details of firms’ production and optional low-carbon technologies. Aiming at this difficulty, we establish an agent-based model for the emission trading scheme, and within a novel multi-level time frame, the fundamental characteristic is reflected and the complexities are considered. Firms’ production and low-carbon technologies are discretely modeled at a process level from a bottom-up perspective, and based on European data, our model is calibrated to cover 5 industrial sectors, 11 emission-intensive products, 25 production processes, and 52 low-carbon technologies. With this model, the emergence properties and uncertainty of the system are captured, and the non-linear impact of the abatement target is reflected and discussed. We find that, after a certain level, higher target leads to lower allowance price uncertainty but stronger output impact, which is a trade-off for setting the abatement target.

Keywords: Multi-agent systems; Heterogeneity; Bounded rationality; Multiple-population Genetic Algorithm (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (21)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:ejores:v:286:y:2020:i:3:p:1113-1128

DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.03.080

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