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Detecting individual preferences and erroneous verdicts in mixed martial arts judging using Bayesian hierarchical models

Benjamin Holmes, Ian G. McHale and Kamila Żychaluk

European Journal of Operational Research, 2024, vol. 312, issue 2, 733-745

Abstract: In this paper, we use Bayesian hierarchical models to investigate the decision-making of judges of mixed martial arts (MMA) contests. Whilst there has been research into the judging of various sports in the past, none have explicitly modelled the judges’ behaviours at an individual level. We progress the literature by demonstrating that judges have personal preferences towards the different actions that they must assess during a fight. The preferences themselves may be the deciding factor in a bout, as demonstrated using a historical case study. We apply the concept of variable significance to the predictions of scores, to assess whether a judge’s verdict was within reason. Finally, we develop a model that predicts a bout’s fair outcome, which could be used in various ways in MMA.

Keywords: OR in sports; Biases; Mixed martial arts; Bayesian statistics; Hierarchical model (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:ejores:v:312:y:2024:i:2:p:733-745

DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2023.07.004

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European Journal of Operational Research is currently edited by Roman Slowinski, Jesus Artalejo, Jean-Charles. Billaut, Robert Dyson and Lorenzo Peccati

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