 Catalytic effects of ion-exchangeable K+ and Ca2+ on rice husk pyrolysis behavior and its gas–liquid–solid product propertiesDongdong Feng, Yu Zhang, Yijun Zhao and Shaozeng Sun Energy, 2018, vol. 152, issue C, 166-177 Abstract: The effects of ion-exchangeable K+ and Ca2+ on rice husk pyrolysis, with a focus on the yields and properties of the gas–liquid–solid products, and their pyrolysis kinetic characteristics, were investigated by thermogravimetry/Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and a laboratory-scale fixed-bed reactor. The results indicated that the pyrolysis gas and char yields increased, and the tar yield decreased, with increasing concentrations of K+/Ca2+ in the rice husks. Compared with that of 340 °C for H-form rice husks, the maximum weight loss temperature decreased by more than 25 °C for the 2.0 wt% K-loaded sample, and increased to 360 °C for the 0.2 wt% Ca-loaded one. K+ (2.0 wt%) lowered the first-order activation energy by 18 kJ/mol, and Ca2+ (<0.1 wt%) was more reactive in pyrolysis. The K+/Ca2+ ratio affected the amounts of pyrolysis gases, but not the species, and their presence increased the amount of aromatic CC structures and surface CO groups in the biochar. Catalysis with K+/Ca2+ transformed heavy pyrolysis tar compounds into small-molecule ones. Keywords: Catalyzed pyrolysis; Rice husk; Potassium; Calcium; Gas–liquid–solid products; Kinetic analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers) Downloads: (external link) Related works: Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:energy:v:152:y:2018:i:c:p:166-177 DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.03.119 Access Statistics for this article Energy is currently edited by Henrik Lund and Mark J. Kaiser More articles in Energy from Elsevier |
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