Life cycle assessment of yard tractors using hydrogen fuel at the Port of Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Ching-Chih Chang, Po-Chien Huang and Jhih-Sheng Tu

Energy, 2019, vol. 189, issue C

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to use LCA to evaluate different fuel usage in yard tractors, which include diesel, electric, LNG, and hydrogen fuel cells. This study refers to ISO regulations to assess the investigation. Empirical results show (1) for the diesel yard tractor, the total carbon emissions is 43,870.60 kgCO2e, and the carbon footprint is 6.40×10−6 kgCO2e/TK. The hotspot is the usage stage (76.83% of the total emissions); (2) for the electric yard tractor, the total carbon emissions is 16,563.63 kgCO2e, and the carbon footprint is 2.42×10−6 kgCO2e/TK. The major emission hotspot is the raw material stage (96.15% of the total emissions); (3) for the LNG yard tractor, the total carbon emissions is 33,560.09 kgCO2e, and the carbon footprint is 4.89×10−6 kgCO2e/TK. The main emissions hotspot is the usage stage (85.04% of the total emissions); (4) for the hydrogen yard tractor, the total carbon emissions is 13,709.87 kgCO2e, and the carbon footprint is 2.00×10−6 kgCO2e/TK. The biggest emission’s hotspot is the raw material stage (95.32% of the total emissions). The results demonstrate that the better fuel alternative to use for yard tractors is hydrogen, which has the greatest effect on GHG mitigation, followed by electric and LNG.

Keywords: Life cycle assessment; Carbon footprint; Green port; LNG; Hydrogen (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:energy:v:189:y:2019:i:c:s0360544219319176

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.116222

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