Bi-level optimization model of hydrogen-blended gas units and multi-type energy storage system considering low-carbon operation

Jinhang Li, Heng Chen, Jingjia Li, Yixi Zhang, Peiyuan Pan, Jiayu Bian and Zhiyong Yu

Energy, 2025, vol. 314, issue C

Abstract: With the integrated energy system as the future roadmap, harnessing multiple energy storage technologies and hydrogen energy collaboratively is pivotal for achieving cleanliness and decarbonization in the energy sector. This paper proposes a bi-level economic optimization model that considers the collaborative low-carbon approach of natural gas blending with hydrogen and multi-type energy storage. It leverages the flexible interaction and operation of electricity, thermal, and hydrogen energy storage in the integrated energy system to achieve optimal collaboration and complementarity among multiple energy sources. At the same time, a natural gas blending with hydrogen model is adopted to provide multiple pathways for the utilization of hydrogen energy in the integrated energy system. In the bi-level optimization model, the upper-level model achieves optimal capacity planning and economic benefits for the multi-type energy storage system. In contrast, the lower-level model achieves the overall optimal low-carbon operation of the integrated energy system.

Keywords: Bi-level optimization model; Multi-type energy storage; Hydrogen blending in natural gas; Low-carbon economy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:energy:v:314:y:2025:i:c:s0360544224039409

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.134162

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