Multiscale analysis through the use of biomass residues and CO2 towards energetic security at country scale via methane production

Guillermo Galán, Manuel Taifouris, Mariano Martín and Ignacio E. Grossmann

Energy, 2025, vol. 318, issue C

Abstract: The growing demand for sustainable energy has driven research into renewable methane production to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and fossil fuel dependence. Lignocellulosic dry residues, wet waste, and captured CO2 are promising feedstocks for methane production via gasification, anaerobic digestion, and synthetic processes with renewable hydrogen. This study systematically compares renewable methane production from these sources using a multiscale approach. A techno-economic evaluation identifies key performance indicators (KPI) for facilities and renewable energy sources. A facility location problem (FLP) determines production capacities and optimal plant locations. The decentralised use of lignocellulosic dry and wet waste and CO2 captured from point and diffuse sources is analysed considering material availability and high transportation costs. The problem is formulated as an MILP, optimising waste and CO2 utilisation, plant locations, and renewable energy systems, solar and wind, across Spain. Lignocellulosic dry waste and CO2 from point sources using MEA are preferred. Sensitivity analysis shows methane prices ranging from 13.028 €/MWh to 47.216 €/MWh between 2022 and 2050, requiring 66 %–410 % of the budget for full self-sufficiency. With carbon taxes, the most competitive price of 10.735 €/MWh is projected for 2050, competitive with current natural gas prices.

Keywords: DAC; Electrolysis; Green hydrogen; Synthetic natural gas; Strategic CO2 and biomass waste valorisation; Methane production and distribution (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:energy:v:318:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225005328

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.134890

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