Influence of tunnel cross-section shape on longitudinal smoke control and ceiling temperature profile

Zihe Gao, Wenhao Yan, Mingge Liu and Rongliang Pan

Energy, 2025, vol. 320, issue C

Abstract: Previous studies have shown that the tunnel cross-sectional shape significantly affects thermal smoke transport behavior, particularly in curved arch tunnels, where the side walls impose a greater constraint on the smoke layer compared to rectangular section tunnels. In this study, by adopting the method of unstructured geometric modeling, a range of simulations were carried out to explore the smoke control effect and the variation of the maximum temperature of a weak plume in horseshoe-shaped, straight wall arch shaped, and three rectangular tunnels under longitudinal ventilation. The five typical tunnel cross-sections were designed with basically the same sectional area and tunnel length, specifically in an attempt to study the influence of the tunnel cross-section shapes. The results indicate that the tunnel cross-sectional shapes have a significant effect on the effect of smoke control under the same longitudinal ventilation. The larger the hydraulic diameter of the tunnel cross-section, the longer the smoke back-layering length. The maximum temperature increases with increasing hydraulic diameter to height ratio. Relevant prediction equations for the maximum ceiling temperature and the back-layering length considering the effect of tunnel cross-sectional shapes are proposed.

Keywords: Unstructured geometric modeling; Tunnel cross-sections; Smoke control; Longitudinal ventilation; Ceiling temperature (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:energy:v:320:y:2025:i:c:s036054422500790x

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.135148

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