Integrated energy-thermal management strategy for range extended electric vehicles based on soft actor-critic under low environment temperature

Ziyi Sun, Rong Guo and Maohui Luo

Energy, 2025, vol. 330, issue C

Abstract: The integrated energy-thermal management system is significant in improving vehicle energy utilization efficiency under low temperatures. An integrated energy-thermal management strategy based on Gaussian mixture model (GMM) and soft actor-critic (SAC) that fully utilizes the waste heat from the engine and electric motor to heat the battery is proposed. The GMM model classifies the driving conditions into 5 clusters featuring vehicle velocity and required power and is used as a state input to the SAC. SAC agent is trained to achieve battery heating, SOC maintenance, and equivalent energy saving. The performance of the GMM-SAC based strategy is compared with the rule based and SAC based strategies according to the average battery temperature rise rate and equivalent fuel consumption. The GMM-SAC based strategy improves the average battery temperature rise rate (from environment temperature to 10 °C) by up to 58.22 % over the rule-based strategy, better than 21.03 % of the SAC-based strategy. The GMM-SAC based strategy saves up to 5.52 % equivalent fuel consumption over the rule-based strategy, superior to 4.51 % of the SAC-based strategy.

Keywords: Integrated energy-thermal management strategy; Soft actor-critic; Low environment temperature (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:energy:v:330:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225025101

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.136868

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