Interval carbon emission flow model and bi-level branch-and-bound algorithm for power systems considering renewable energy uncertainty

Haoning Shen, Tao Ding, Chenggang Mu, Wenhao Jia, Yi Yuan, Yixun Xue, Huaichang Ge, Xinyue Chang and Fangxing Li

Energy, 2025, vol. 333, issue C

Abstract: To quantify the impact of renewable energy uncertainty on carbon emission flow (CEF), this paper proposes a novel interval CEF model. The model is efficiently solved using a bi-level branch-and-bound (B&B) algorithm. First, an analytical formulation of the interval CEF model is derived based on carbon emission flow theory and a deterministic CEF framework. Due to its structural characteristics, the model can be expressed as a mixed-integer quadratic constrained linear programming (MIQCLP) problem. To solve this efficiently, a bi-level B&B algorithm is developed. The upper-level applies a spatial B&B algorithm to handle the quadratic constrained linear programming (QCLP) subproblem, while the lower-level applies a simple B&B algorithm for the mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) subproblem. Simulation results on several IEEE test systems confirm the model's effectiveness and computational efficiency.

Keywords: Interval carbon emission flow analysis; Renewable energy uncertainty; Mixed integer quadratic constrained linear programming; Bi-level branch-and-bound algorithm (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:energy:v:333:y:2025:i:c:s036054422502986x

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.137344

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