Boundary layer dynamics and power performance of an offshore wind farm during unstable ocean-wave-atmosphere interactions

Rongyu He, Qiang Wang, Xinhao Du, Kun Luo and Jianren Fan

Energy, 2025, vol. 334, issue C

Abstract: Exploring the behavior of the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) is challenging for offshore wind farm performance due to the dynamic ocean-wave-atmosphere interactions. This study aims to explore the boundary layer dynamics and power performance variations in Hangzhou Bay, China, using an integrated Ocean-Wave-Atmosphere model system coupled with improved Wind Farm Parameterization (OWAF). The results show a discernible impact of the air-sea interaction on the MABL and the wind farm wake and performance under unstable atmospheric conditions. Firstly, the interaction enhances the hub-height wind speed by 2.8 % and decreases the surface temperature and turbulence kinetic energy. The variation of turbulent heat flux is determined by the difference between sea surface temperature and 2 m temperature, with non-diurnal patterns. Secondly, the interaction augments atmospheric stability, intensifying the wake and expanding the wake area by twice the time and delaying the wake recovery. Moreover, air-sea interactions contribute to an overall increase in wind farm power output and effectively mitigate the impact of upstream turbine wakes on downstream turbines. A temporal increase in heat flux enhances power generation by 9.7 %, while a decrease attenuates it by 6.9 %. This research gains insight into the air-sea interaction for the operation of offshore wind farms.

Keywords: Integrated ocean-wave-atmosphere model system; Marine atmospheric boundary layer; Air-sea interactions; Offshore wind farms; Wake and performance (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544225031032
Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:energy:v:334:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225031032

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.137461

Access Statistics for this article

Energy is currently edited by Henrik Lund and Mark J. Kaiser

More articles in Energy from Elsevier
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Catherine Liu ().