Assessment of the greenhouse gas emissions in the oil supply chains at refineries in the countries of the northern region of Europe

Vladimir Klepikov, Liubov Klepikova and Shawkat Hammoudeh

Energy, 2025, vol. 334, issue C

Abstract: The majority of European oil refining occurs in the countries of the northern region. The purpose of this study is to determine the volume of CO2 emissions at all stages of the supply chain and identify opportunities to reduce the emissions during the oil delivery. This work has developed a methodology for determining CO2 emissions from production to oil refining at northern Europe refineries.

Keywords: Oil supply chain; Refinery; Pipeline; Tanker; Carbon emission intensity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:energy:v:334:y:2025:i:c:s036054422503227x

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.137585

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