Dew, fog, and rain as supplementary sources of water in south-western Morocco

I. Lekouch, M. Muselli, B. Kabbachi, J. Ouazzani, I. Melnytchouk-Milimouk and D. Beysens

Energy, 2011, vol. 36, issue 4, 2257-2265

Abstract: One full year of dew, fog and rain collection measurements data were collected during 2007–2008 of in the dryland area of Mirleft, Morocco, for use as alternative or supplemental sources of water. Four passive dew condensers and a passive fog net collector were used, each with 1m2 surfaces. Meteorological data were collected in parallel. During the observation period, 178 dew events (18.85mm), 31 rain events (48.65mm) and 7 significant fog episodes (1.41mm) occurred, corresponding to almost 40% of the yearly rain contribution (48.7mm, 31 events). Chemical and biological analyses were carried out. Dew and rain pH were neutral (close to 7) and the total mineralization was considerable (dew: 560mg/L; rain: 230mg/L). Ca2+, K+, SO42− and NO3− were of continental origin; Cl−, Na+ and Mg2+ were of sea origin. The ions concentration agrees with the World Health Organization recommendations for potable water. The biological analysis shows harmless vegetal spores and little contamination by animal/human bacteria. A cost analysis shows that, with little investment, the population of the arid and semi-arid coastal areas of south-western north Africa could make dew water a useful supplementary alternative water resource.

Keywords: Dew water; Dew chemistry; Rain water; Rain chemistry (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2011
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544210001362
Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:energy:v:36:y:2011:i:4:p:2257-2265

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2010.03.017

Access Statistics for this article

Energy is currently edited by Henrik Lund and Mark J. Kaiser

More articles in Energy from Elsevier
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Catherine Liu ().