Upgrading of bio-oil to boiler fuel by catalytic hydrotreatment and esterification in an efficient process

Xinghua Zhang, Lungang Chen, Wei Kong, Tiejun Wang, Qi Zhang, Jinxing Long, Ying Xu and Longlong Ma

Energy, 2015, vol. 84, issue C, 83-90

Abstract: Bio-oil can't be directly used as fuel due to its deteriorate properties. Here, an efficient catalytic upgrading process for the bio-oil, including esterification, hydrogenation, hydrodeoxygenation and depolymerization, is proposed with multifunctional catalyst Ni/SiO2–ZrO2 and biomass-derived solvent ethanol. Results showed that esters, alcohols, phenolics, and cyclo-ketones were the main components in the upgraded bio-oil while aldehydes were removed completely via catalytic hydrogenation and acids were removed by catalytic esterification with supercritical ethanol. The pH value of upgraded bio-oil rose drastically from 2.38 to 5.24, and the high heating value increased to 24.4 MJ kg−1. Comparison characterization on the upgraded and crude bio-oil using FT-IR, GPC (Gel permeation chromatography) and 13C NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) demonstrated that lignin-derived oligomers contained in crude bio-oil were further depolymerized over Ni/SiO2–ZrO2 catalyst. The improved properties suggest that the upgraded bio-oil is more suitable to be used as boiler fuel. Furthermore, the loss of carbon is negligible because formation of coke is suppressed during the upgrading process.

Keywords: Bio-oil; Esterification; Hydrotreatment; Ni/SiO2–ZrO2; Supercritical ethanol (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2015
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:energy:v:84:y:2015:i:c:p:83-90

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.02.035

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