Assessing emotional and social health using photographs: An innovative research method for rural studies and its applicability in a care-farming program for youth

Michael Francis Norwood, Ali Lakhani, Annick Maujean, Martin Downes, Simone Fullagar, Michelle McIntyre, Jason Byrne, Anna Stewart, Bonnie L. Barber and Elizabeth Kendall

Evaluation and Program Planning, 2019, vol. 77, issue C

Abstract: A framework for assessing photographs for the emotional and social health of young people (SHAPE) is described and tested, within the context of a rural program. Two independent raters assessed the photographs of participants. To assess inter-rater reliability, Cohen’ K and Kendall’s W were calculated. The two reviewers’ assessments of photographs were in agreement. The assessment of emotional/behavioural display showed 82% agreement. Agreement between reviewers’ judgements of proxemics (W = .866), interaction (W = .722), engagement (W = .932) and overall impression (W = .804) were all significant (p < .005). The method yielded results indicating that participants found gardening immediately engaging but their approach to equines exhibited a change from fascination to confidence during the program. The visual-diary method is a useful and sensitive method for research: where resources are limited; to complement traditional measures; for use with people who lack appropriate verbal communication or literacy skills to complete questionnaires; young children; other underrepresented groups.

Keywords: Rural health services; Research design; Equine-assisted psychotherapy; Horticultural therapy; Bonding; Human-pet; Community-based participatory research; Photograph analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:epplan:v:77:y:2019:i:c:s0149718919301089

DOI: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2019.101707

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