Raising the floor while lowering the ceiling: Reduced inequities in education returns in the Philippines

Karol Mark Ramirez Yee

International Journal of Educational Development, 2023, vol. 101, issue C

Abstract: This article examines trends in private returns to education in the Philippines among salaried graduates in 2005 and 2019 – a period during which education participation improved markedly in the country. I find returns to differing levels of attainment converging, with those for higher education falling substantially by 36 % points, relative to those with no grade completed. I further find that among college graduates, the decline was most pronounced for low-wage workers whose returns fell by 69 % points, while those for high-wage ones remained stable. This is an important update to literature which found higher education to provide disproportionate returns to low-wage college graduates a decade prior.

Keywords: Philippines; Higher education; Returns to education; Educational policy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:injoed:v:101:y:2023:i:c:s0738059323000913

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2023.102815

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