Family structure and the performance of Brazilian students: An analysis using the oaxaca-ransom methodology with SAEB 2019 Data

Ivana Carla Strapazzon, Marco Túlio Aniceto França and Gustavo Saraiva Frio

International Journal of Educational Development, 2025, vol. 115, issue C

Abstract: This study aimed to assess the relationship between the academic performance of Brazilian students and two- and single-parent family structures. Faced with new family compositions, the prevalence of single-parent families increased by 32 % (2000–2010), according to official statistics (IBGE). Compared to traditional arrangements (two-parent arrangements), aspects related to the time available to monitor children at school are weakened. In addition, single-parent families have lower family income. The methodology chosen was the Oaxaca-Ransom and the dataset was obtained from the SAEB exam using students in their fifth year of elementary school in 2019. A higher average academic performance was observed in the two-parent arrangement when comparing the students in both groups. However, in the analysis of the single-mother segment, a discrepancy was identified regarding favorable performance for the female single-mother segment. Given this, it can be concluded that the family environment affects educational performance.

Keywords: School performance; Family structure; Two-parents; Single-parent; Oaxaca-Ransom (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C21 I21 J16 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:injoed:v:115:y:2025:i:c:s0738059325000896

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103291

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