Pipe dreams: Cannabis legalization and the persistence of racial disparities in jail incarceration

Guangzhen Wu, Katherine A. Durante and Heather C. Melton

Journal of Criminal Justice, 2024, vol. 94, issue C

Abstract: There is an emerging body of research examining the impact of adult-use recreational cannabis legalization on racial disparities in arrests, yet this is among the first studies to examine changes to the jail population composition. We use a quasi-experimental design, including difference-in-differences (DiD) analysis and matching via the synthetic control method (SCM) to examine the impact of recreational cannabis legalization on Black–White disparity in jail populations in Colorado and Washington State. Our findings reveal that Black–White disparity has overall declined in both legalized and criminalized states. We observe more of a reduction in Black–White disparity in legalized states; however, the results are not substantially or statistically significantly different (DiD results: Estimate = −0.052, SE = 0.320, p = 0.872; SCM results being consistent with the DiD results). This research provides important insight into continued racialized social control even when laws become liberalized. Further, the findings of this study have important policy implications, as voters and legislative bodies should seek policies more purposefully designed to reduce racial disparity in the jail population if this is their goal.

Keywords: Recreational cannabis legalization; Jail incarceration; Racial disparities; Racialized social control; Synthetic control method (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047235224000795
Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:jcjust:v:94:y:2024:i:c:s0047235224000795

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102230

Access Statistics for this article

Journal of Criminal Justice is currently edited by Matthew DeLisi

More articles in Journal of Criminal Justice from Elsevier
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Catherine Liu ().