Superfund cleanups and children’s lead exposure

Heather Klemick, Henry Mason and Karen Sullivan

Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 2020, vol. 100, issue C

Abstract: This study evaluates the effect of EPA’s Superfund cleanup program on children’s lead exposure. We linked two decades of blood lead level (BLL) measurements from children in six states with data on Superfund sites and other lead risk factors. We used quasi-experimental methods to identify the causal effect of proximity to Superfund cleanups on rates of elevated BLL. We estimated a difference-in-difference model comparing the change in elevated BLL of children closer to versus farther from lead-contaminated sites before, during, and after cleanup. We also estimated a triple difference model including children near hazardous sites with minimal to no lead contamination as a comparison group. We used spatial fixed effects and matching to minimize potential bias from unobserved differences between the treatment and comparison groups. Results indicate that Superfund cleanups lowered the risk of elevated BLL for children living within 2 km of lead-contaminated sites 13 to 26 percent.

Keywords: Blood lead levels; Child health; Lead exposure; Superfund; Contaminated land (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I14 I18 Q51 Q53 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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Related works:
Working Paper: Superfund Cleanups and Children’s Lead Exposure (2019)
Working Paper: Superfund Cleanups and Children's Lead Exposure (2019)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:jeeman:v:100:y:2020:i:c:s0095069619303304

DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2019.102289

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