Small-angle Rayleigh scattering from nonequilibrium fluctuations in liquids and liquid mixtures

W.B. Li, P.N. Segrè, R.W. Gammon and J.V. Sengers

Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 1994, vol. 204, issue 1, 399-436

Abstract: We have developed an improved experimental arrangement for measuring small-angle Rayleigh scattering in liquid systems subjected to a stationary temperature gradient. This improved arrangement has enabled us to measure nonequilibrium fluctuations with a simple helium-neon laser. We have used this technique to measure long-range nonequilibrium fluctuations in n-hexane and in several mixtures of n-hexane with toluene, thus complementing measurements for the equimolar mixture obtained previously. The experiments confirm that all diffusive nonequilibrium fluctuations vary with (▿T)2/k4, where ▿T is the imposed temperature gradient and where k is the wave number of the fluctuations. A quantitative comparison of the strength of these nonequilibrium fluctuations with the theoretical predictions is also presented.

Date: 1994
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:204:y:1994:i:1:p:399-436

DOI: 10.1016/0378-4371(94)90440-5

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