Nonequilibrium phase transitions in epidemics and sandpiles

Ronald Dickman

Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 2002, vol. 306, issue C, 90-97

Abstract: Nonequilibrium phase transitions between an active and an absorbing state are found in models of populations, epidemics, autocatalysis, and chemical reactions on a surface. While absorbing-state phase transitions fall generically in the directed-percolation universality class, this does not preclude other universality classes, associated with a symmetry or conservation law. An interesting issue concerns the dynamic critical behavior of models with an infinite number of absorbing configurations or a long memory. Sandpile models, the principal example of self-organized criticality (SOC), also exhibit absorbing-state phase transitions, with SOC corresponding to a particular mode of forcing the system toward its critical point.

Keywords: Nonequilibrium phase transitions; Critical phenomena; Self-organized criticality; Absorbing states (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2002
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:306:y:2002:i:c:p:90-97

DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4371(02)00488-0

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