Relations between a typical scale and averages in the breaking of fractal distribution

Atushi Ishikawa and Tadao Suzuki

Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 2004, vol. 343, issue C, 376-392

Abstract: We study distributions which have both fractal and non-fractal scale regions by introducing a typical scale into a scale invariant system. As one of models in which distributions follow power law in the large-scale region and deviate further from the power law in the smaller-scale region, we employ 2-dim quantum gravity modified by the R2 term. As examples of distributions in the real world which have similar property to this model, we consider those of personal income in Japan over latest twenty fiscal years. We find relations between the typical scale and several kinds of averages in this model, and observe that these relations are also valid in recent personal income distributions in Japan with sufficient accuracy. We show the existence of the fiscal years so called bubble term in which the gap has arisen in power law, by observing that the data are away from one of these relations. We confirm, therefore, that the distribution of this model has close similarity to those of personal income. In addition, we can estimate the value of Pareto index and whether a big gap exists in power law by using only these relations. As a result, we point out that the typical scale is an useful concept different from average value and that the distribution function derived in this model is an effective tool to investigate these kinds of distributions.

Keywords: Two-dimensional gravity; Econophysics; Fractal; Typical scale; Personal income (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2004
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:343:y:2004:i:c:p:376-392

DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2004.06.060

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