Producing suprathermal tails in the stationary velocity distribution

Thibaut Demaerel, Wojciech De Roeck and Christian Maes

Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 2020, vol. 552, issue C

Abstract: We revisit effective scenarios for the origin of heavy tails in stationary velocity distributions. A first analysis combines localization with diffusive acceleration. That gets realized in space plasmas to find the so-called kappa-distributions having power-law decay at high speeds. There, localization at high energy already takes place for the reversible dynamics, but becomes effective by an active diffusion in velocity space. A model for vibrating granular gases and giving rise to stretched exponential tails is also briefly discussed, where negative friction is the energizer. In all cases, the resulting nonMaxwellian velocity distributions are frenetically caused by the dependence on the speed of kinetic parameters.

Keywords: Fluctuations; Nonequilibria; Space plasma; Non-Maxwellian; Granular media (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:552:y:2020:i:c:s0378437119312634

DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2019.122179

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