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Modeling lane-changing behavior of connected autonomous vehicles based on molecular force fields

Dayi Qu, Yuxiang Yang, Kedong Wang, Shanning Cui and Yicheng Chen

Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 2025, vol. 675, issue C

Abstract: Connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) play a pivotal role in intelligent transportation systems, where accurate modeling of lane-changing behavior is essential for ensuring traffic safety and efficiency. To overcome the limitations of existing approaches in capturing dynamic multi-vehicle interactions during lane-change maneuvers, this study introduces a novel lane-changing decision-making model grounded in molecular force field theory. The study begins by analyzing the dynamic characteristics of lane-changing behavior and derives the lane-change expected safety distance. Drawing inspiration from molecular interactions, vehicle behaviors are analogized as attractive and repulsive forces, and a decision-making framework is formulated using the Buckingham potential function. Simulation experiments conducted in the SUMO environment demonstrate that the proposed model reduces risky lane changes by 45 %, increases average vehicle speed by 3.38 %, and improves the average number of successful lane changes by 5.12 %. Compared to traditional models, the proposed approach significantly enhances the safety, efficiency, and comfort of lane-changing behavior. These findings offer a new theoretical foundation for cooperative lane-changing strategies among CAVs in intelligent connected traffic environments.

Keywords: Connected autonomous vehicles; Modeling lane-changing decision making behavior; Molecular force fields; Buckingham potential functions; SUMO simulation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:675:y:2025:i:c:s0378437125005084

DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2025.130856

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Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications is currently edited by K. A. Dawson, J. O. Indekeu, H.E. Stanley and C. Tsallis

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